The Plague, Albert Camus novel, was published in 1947, two years after the end of World War II. This is the chronicle of an epidemic that struck in the 40s, the city of Oran, Algeria French yet. Dead rats picked up by then tens, hundreds, announced worse to come for Dr Bernard RIEUX, narrator and
I read for you the 1984 George Orwell Written in 1948 by George Orwell, 1984 denounced the totalitarianism of the twentieth century. Using the form of the black novel, George Orwell described OCEANIA, an imaginary totalitarian society, which has built and surpassed the tools of oppression invented by his illustrious elders that were Nazism and
I read for you The Stanger (Albert Camus – 1947) The stranger, that one knows only by name (MEURSAULT), is a french Algierian, leading a life of average office worker, boring, in any area of the algerian capital. He seems to serve his life, a life he has not chosen, a life without relief, without
In this work clairvoyant, Viscount de Tocqueville takes the wrong way bristled story showing how the 1789 revolution, far from being a failure, is a continuation of the old feudal system.
Rousseau was a special case in the Enlightenment. He was not a Parisian. He prefered the Geneva countryside (where he originated) than the worldliness of the city. Unlike his contemporary philosophers, he believed that technological progress causes an accumulation of wealth that deepen inequalities. In his letter to d’Alembert 1758, he even spoke of « moral
Voltaire wrote this book after the trial of Jean Calas, a Protestant wrongly accused of murdering her son converted to Catholicism, March 9, 1762, in Toulouse. So this is a work written « reaction » that Voltaire saw as an injustice of his countrymen, who was due to religious intolerance. This incident was the starting point of
Montaigne was born into a noble Catholic family in Gascony in 1533, during the reign of Francis I, while the kingdom of France knew the first soubressauts of religious wars. The Lutheran Reformation (Protestantism) was beginning to threaten the royal authority built on Catholic foundations. 1520 saw the first persecution of Huguenots (Protestants), which degenerated
In the sadly usual context of the Arab-Israeli conflict, the rocket rain HAMAS batter the skulls of innocent Israeli civilians, in retaliation for Tsahal missiles whose aim is to silence those damned batteries.
The Saudi Arabia is the main responsible for the diffusion of the dark side of Islam : Wahhabism. But Arabia is not alone. Westerners, foremost among them the United States, for simplicity, by interest miscalculated, also have their share of responsibility…
Map of the « expansion of Islam Shiites Iran, the great power Shiite supports the Iraqi government (Shia), but Bashar al-Assad, an Alawite (a branch of Shiism ) and the Houthi rebellion in Yemen. North Lebanon and the southern Syrian rampant Hezbollah militia Shiite who fights alongside the same Assad, against DAESH (Sunnism tends Wahhabi )
To try to see more clearly in the many ramifications of the crooked tree of Islam … HD: tree of Islam Chronological Tree of Islam We notice that the main trunk planted by Muhammad in the seventh century divides early into two main branches: that of the Shiites , who do not recognize as
A brief history of time (Edition 1996 ) Stephen HAWKING, after years of research in mathematics and cosmology, Stephen HAWKING has decided to present the state of knowledge of cosmology and physics. His book became, upon its release in 1988, a best-seller. Surprising for a work on themes, a priori, reserved for scientific elites. Hawking
In our brief summary of the Old Testament , we recounted the history of mankind since the creation of the universe ( Genesis ) and we went through 4,500 years of history. We met with the people of antiquity, then followed the adventures of one of them, the people chosen by God the Creator: The
The Old Testament is the religious reference for the three great monotheistic religions (Christianity, Judaism and Islam). It is for several billion people, the work of God and the only source of law. It is therefore a major text that shaped human society. Brief summary critique of the Old Testament But the Old Testament is
Here is the book that most original Chavonnes Publishing had the opportunity to read (and they have read a lot). The work of Gilles Vervisch is particularly indicated for fans of the saga of LUCAS. They finally discover its hidden face and understand what is actually his dark side …
The divine Marquis (1740-1814) de Sade was a child of the Enlightenment, a champion of atheism as was the Baron d’Holbach We find indeed in his work a few flashes that would not have disowned a Robespierre, a Saint-Just or Marat
On April 24, 1915– Constantinople (Istanbul) On the orders of the Turkish authorities, then allied with « Germany, Armenian elite of the Ottoman capital, suspected of complicity with the Russian enemy, was massacred : 600 deads.
Warning – Mein Kampf, of course, is a reprehensible book in many ways. It is particularly based on the most primitive instincts of the human being to build a political program based on racial preference. But must, however, prohibit its publication, reading? I am among those who argue for a negative answer to this question
A short story of life Understanding the origin of life is much more than a scientific adventure. Understanding the origin of life, it is up (part of) the veil that slyly hides its meaning. Why are we here ?
This book by Richard Dawkins aims to provide a comprehensive argument about the non-existence of a creator God in general and that of the Bible in particular. Richard DAWKINS refutes the arguments of : theists who believe in a personal God, who not only created the world but intervenes, see, hear and judge men ;
Since Clovis (481) and the advent of the monarchy by divine right, the French bass conditions had accepted the concept of voluntary servitude, well described by the Boétie in his famous speech. This fact was based on a fool’s bargain: the Third Estate , representing the overwhelming majority of the population, brought the other two
This documentary tackles the sensitive issue of biblical archeology. It highlights that the story told in the Old Testament, the Hebrew Bible, that of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, David and Solomon, was never confirmed by the numerous excavations since the early twentieth century Palestine . The Bible revealed Israel Finkelstein By pointing the many anachronisms, historical
With the events in Syria and Iraq, it became important to trace the source of the conflict between the two main currents of Islam Shi’ism and Sunnism . This source, which flows for more than a millennium, can not seem to dry up. She gave birth to multiple streams, often contrary, who designed the Middle
It was in Greece that mathematics were invented. « Invented »? This shortcut seems to neglect the Babylonian scholars, Indian and Egyptian who had preceded them. « Invented » because it was our Greek friends who first had the aim of the demonstration. Their ancestors’ constataient « properties, the Greeks showed them.
Prehistory The first tangible signs of accounting. appear in forms of carved notches. Antiquity 3500 BC – The mathematics are becoming essential to the administration of the first cities (Ur, Akkad, …) of Mesopotamia. The use of clay tablets are spreading to burn compatibility cuneiform (wedge-shaped). We discover the number Pi and gives a first
A remarkable book collection Teach Yourself. Concise, accurate, illustrated by very educational maps, the book gives to the readera comprehensive and quick view of this part of the world is played since 1945 the world’s future …
Pure original Islam Mohammed was born with it 1500 years ago, then was carried with his four successors (Caliphs). The suite is more complicated, the branches of the tree being increased, including through common Sunnis and Shiites , each claiming legitimacy authenticity of the Abbasids to the Ottomans, through the Umayyads.
2014 … London and Paris do they reap in Iraq and Syria fruits they have sown … in 1916? The Middle East ? Come on! France and England had their eyes turned elsewhere! Eastward to Germany of Bismarck and William II (Kaiser) which threatened at any moment to break their lines filled trenches and barbed
According to the course of Professor Kenneth W.HARL Africa has given birth to humanity. But it’s Mesopotamia who entered in history. It is indeed in Mesopotamia that appeared writing, livestock, agriculture, the first planned cities and their administration, the first monarchies, the first dynasties, the first temples and the first wars too. Before the Islamic
For those who wish to understand the Middle East, the book of James Barr seems to me entirely appropriate. We discover that the imbroglio politico-religious today mine this area of the world largely stems from the ancient rivalry between French and British, who, since the nineteenth century, these territories jealously vying to expand, each of
